用腾讯云api实现 dynamic dns
用腾讯云API实现 Dynamic DNS
因为想用Windows自带的Remote Desktop(如果公网访问，需要IP和端口)。 但又没有可以做端口映射的路由器，恰好学校WiFi提供了公网ip，于是想到可以用自己的域名做一个DNS。 但是学校WiFi分配的公网ip过一段时间就会变，而且不用DHCP会出问题。 所以就有了这篇博客，自己利用已有的动态公网ip + 调用API更改域名解析记录， 来变相实现一个Dynamic DNS (DDNS)的服务。
Usage
- 确保现在连接的网络为你分配了公网ip
- 在同一目录下，按照之后File Details的内容创建2个文件
- 修改
DDNS.py中__main__的内容# SecretId: 你腾讯云的SecretId, str, see also https://console.cloud.tencent.com/cam/capi SecretId = "A********************p" # SecretKey: 你腾讯云的SecretKey, str, see also https://console.cloud.tencent.com/cam/capi SecretKey = "********************" # prefix: 子域名(subdomain), str, like www, rd # A subdomain is the part of a URL before the root domain. You can configure your subdomain as www or as a distinct section of your site, like blog.example.com. prefix = "rd" # domain: 域名(apex domain), str, like qq.com, jimheisenberg.xyz # An apex domain is a custom domain that does not contain a subdomain, such as example.com. Apex domains are also known as base, bare, naked, root apex, or zone apex domains. domain = "jimheisenberg.xyz" # timeInterval: 每次更新的时间间隔, int or float, there will be timeInterval seconds between each request timeInterval = 600
Tips
- 对比在设置里的ip和百度
ip的查询结果，可知自己有没有公网ip - 将
DDNS.py改为DDNS.pyw可以无窗口后台运行
File Details
一共2个文件，TencentCloudAPI.py和DDNS.py
TencentCloudAPI封装了对腾讯云API的调用
DDNS基于对腾讯云API的调用实现了 Dynamic DNS
# TencentCloudAPI.py
import time
import random
import requests
import base64
import hmac
from hashlib import sha1
from urllib.parse import quote
class TencentCloudAPI(object):
"""
class for calling Tencent Cloud API
parameters:
SecretId: str, see also https://console.cloud.tencent.com/cam/capi
SecretKey: str, see also https://console.cloud.tencent.com/cam/capi
address: str, 接口请求域名 like https://cns.api.qcloud.com/v2/index.php?
example of usage:
from TencentCloudAPI import TencentCloudAPI
SecretId = "A**********************************b"
SecretKey = "C******************************d"
address = "cns.api.qcloud.com/v2/index.php"
tcapi = TencentCloudAPI(SecretId, SecretKey, address)
parameters = dict(Action="RecordList", domain="jimheisenberg.xyz")
result = tcapi.request(parameters)
print(result.json())
"""
def __init__(self, SecretId, SecretKey, address):
"""
initialization
"""
self.SecretId = SecretId
self.SecretKey = SecretKey
self.address = address
def _getHashBase(self):
"""
return "GET" + self.address
used for calculating Signature
return:
string
"""
return "GET" + self.address
def _getUrlBase(self):
"""
return "GET" + self.address
used for making url of http get request
return:
string
"""
return "https://" + self.address
def _convert(self, parameters):
"""
convert parameters(dict) into string with the format for tencent cloud
parameters of this function:
parameters: dict
return:
string
"""
result = ""
for key, value in sorted(parameters.items()):
result += '&' + str(key).replace('_', '.') + '=' + str(value)
result = result.replace('&', '?', 1)
return result
def _hashHmac(self, key, msg, digestmod=sha1):
"""
首先使用签名算法（HmacSHA256 或 HmacSHA1）对上一步中获得的 签名原文字符串 进行签名，然后将生成的签名串使用 Base64 进行编码，即可获得最终的签名串。
parameters of this function:
key: The starting key for the hash.
msg: if available, will immediately be hashed into the object's starting state.
digestmod: see hashlib, default sha1
return:
string
"""
hmac_code = hmac.new(key.encode(), msg.encode(), digestmod).digest()
return base64.b64encode(hmac_code).decode()
def request(self, parameters):
"""
对腾讯云的 API 接口的调用是通过向腾讯云 API 的服务端地址发送请求，并按照接口说明在请求中加入相应的请求参数来完成的。
see also https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/302/4032
parameters of this function:
parameters: dict. note: [SecretId, Signature, Timestamp, Nonce] should not appear in parameters, they will be auto filled
return:
<class 'requests.models.Response'>
"""
parameters["Timestamp"] = int(time.time())
parameters["Nonce"] = random.randint(0, 65535)
parameters["SecretId"] = self.SecretId
parameters["Signature"] = quote(self._hashHmac(
self.SecretKey, self._getHashBase() + self._convert(parameters)))
url = self._getUrlBase() + self._convert(parameters)
result = requests.get(url)
return result
# DDNS.py
import socket
import time
import datetime
from TencentCloudAPI import TencentCloudAPI
class DDNS(TencentCloudAPI):
"""
Dynamic Domain Name Service
Dynamic update your DNS record on Tencent Cloud
parameters:
SecretId: str, see also https://console.cloud.tencent.com/cam/capi
SecretKey: str, see also https://console.cloud.tencent.com/cam/capi
prefix: str, like www, rd
domain: str, like qq.com, jimheisenberg.xyz
timeInterval: int or float, there will be timeInterval seconds between each request
address: str, 接口请求域名 like https://cns.api.qcloud.com/v2/index.php?
"""
def __init__(self, SecretId, SecretKey, prefix, domain, timeInterval, address="cns.api.qcloud.com/v2/index.php"):
"""
initialization
"""
super().__init__(SecretId, SecretKey, address)
self.prefix = prefix.lower()
self.domain = domain.lower()
self.timeInterval = timeInterval
def getHostIp(self):
"""
查询本机ip地址
return: ip with str format
"""
try:
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.connect(('8.8.8.8', 80))
ip = s.getsockname()[0]
finally:
s.close()
return ip
def getExistRecord(self):
"""
get the existing record of prefix.domain
return:
dict, describing record of prefix.domain
"""
parameters = dict(Action="RecordList", domain=self.domain)
response = self.request(parameters)
record = None
for r in response.json()["data"]["records"]:
if r["name"] == prefix:
record = r
break
return record
def updateRecord(self, ip, record):
"""
update the record of prefix.domain
return:
<class 'requests.models.Response'>
"""
parameters = dict(Action="RecordModify", domain=self.domain)
parameters["subDomain"] = prefix
parameters["value"] = ip
parameters["recordId"] = record["id"]
parameters["recordType"] = record["type"]
parameters["recordLine"] = record["line"]
response = self.request(parameters)
return response
def autoUpdateRecord(self):
"""
automatically getHostIp and getExistRecord, then updateRecord if needed
"""
ip = self.getHostIp()
record = self.getExistRecord()
if ip == record["value"]:
print(
f"""{datetime.datetime.now().isoformat()}, IP {ip} not changed.""")
else:
response = self.updateRecord(ip, record)
print(
f"""{datetime.datetime.now().isoformat()}, IP {ip} update {response.json()["codeDesc"]}.""")
def schedAutoUpdateRecord(self):
"""
autoUpdateRecord with schedule
"""
while True:
try:
self.autoUpdateRecord()
time.sleep(self.timeInterval)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
time.sleep(self.timeInterval)
if __name__ == "__main__":
SecretId = "A********************p"
SecretKey = "********************"
prefix = "rd"
domain = "jimheisenberg.xyz"
timeInterval = 600
ddns = DDNS(SecretId, SecretKey, prefix, domain, timeInterval)
print("start")
ddns.schedAutoUpdateRecord()